问题编写一个c程序来定义结构体并显示成员变量的大小和偏移量
结构体 - 它是一个不同数据类型变量的集合，组合在一个名称下。
结构声明的一般形式datatype member1;struct tagname{ datatype member2; datatype member n;};
在这里，struct - 关键字
tagname - 指定结构的名称
member1, member2 - 指定构成结构的数据项。
示例struct book{ int pages; char author [30]; float price;};
结构体变量声明结构体变量有三种方式 -
方法一struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;}b;
方法2struct{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;}b;
方法三struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;};struct book b;
初始化和访问结构成员与结构变量之间的链接是通过成员运算符（或者点运算符）建立的。
可以通过以下方式进行初始化：
方法1struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;} b = {100, "balu", 325.75};
方法2struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;};struct book b = {100, "balu", 325.75};
方法3（使用成员运算符）struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;} ;struct book b;b. pages = 100;strcpy (b.author, "balu");b.price = 325.75;
方法四（使用scanf函数）struct book{ int pages; char author[30]; float price;} ;struct book b; scanf ("%d", &b.pages); scanf ("%s", b.author); scanf ("%f", &b. price);
使用数据成员声明结构，并尝试打印它们的偏移值以及结构的大小。
程序 实时演示
#include<stdio.h>#include<stddef.h>struct tutorial{ int a; int b; char c[4]; float d; double e;};int main(){ struct tutorial t1; printf("the size 'a' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.a)); printf("the size 'b' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.b)); printf("the size 'c' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.c)); printf("the size 'd' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.d)); printf("the size 'e' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.e)); printf("the offset 'a' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,a)); printf("the offset 'b' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,b)); printf("the offset 'c' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,c)); printf("the offset 'd' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,d)); printf("the offset 'e' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,e)); printf("size of the structure tutorial is :%d",sizeof(t1)); return 0;}
输出the size 'a' is :4the size 'b' is :4the size 'c' is :4the size 'd' is :4the size 'e' is :8the offset 'a' is :0the offset 'b' is :4the offset 'c' is :8the offset 'd' is :12the offset 'e' is :16size of the structure tutorial is :24
以上就是编写一个c程序来显示结构成员的大小和偏移量的详细内容。