测试2： （1）一致性的全备 sql shutdown immediate; $ cp -rf $oracle_base/oradata/boss/*.dbf /oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup $ cp -rf $oracle_base/oradata/boss/*.log /oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup $ cp -rf $oracle_base/oradata/boss/*.
测试2：
（1）一致性的全备
sql> shutdown immediate;
$ cp -rf $oracle_base/oradata/boss/*.dbf /oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup
$ cp -rf $oracle_base/oradata/boss/*.log /oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup
$ cp -rf $oracle_base/oradata/boss/*.ctl /oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup
$ cp -rf /oradata/boss/control01.ctl /oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup
$ cp -rf $oracle_home/dbs/spfileboss.ora /oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup
$ cd /oracle/flash_recovery_area/boss/archivelog/2014_06_10/
$ rm -rf *
（2）查看数据库的信息
sql> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
tablespace_name status
------------------------------ ---------
system online
undotbs1 online
sysaux online
temp online
users online
example online
testtbs01 online
testtbs02 offline
testtbs03 read only
sql> select table_name,status,tablespace_name from user_tables where tablespace_name like 'testtbs%';
table_name status tablespace_name
------------------------------ -------- ------------------------------
test01 valid testtbs01
boss_new_test valid testtbs01
sql> select
2 ts.name 表空间名
3 , df.file# 文件号
4 , df.checkpoint_change# 检查点
5 , df.name 文件名
6 from v$tablespace ts,v$datafile df
7 where ts.ts#=df.ts#
8 order by df.file#;
表空间名 文件号 检查点 文件名
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------------------------------------
system 1 708505 /oracle/oradata/boss/system01.dbf
undotbs1 2 708505 /oracle/oradata/boss/undotbs01.dbf
sysaux 3 708505 /oracle/oradata/boss/sysaux01.dbf
users 4 708505 /oracle/oradata/boss/users01.dbf
example 5 708505 /oracle/oradata/boss/example01.dbf
testtbs01 6 708505 /oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs01_01.dbf
testtbs01 7 708505 /oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs01_02.dbf
testtbs02 8 652783 /oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs02_01.dbf
testtbs03 9 652799 /oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs03_01.dbf
（3）备份控制文件的trace文件
sql> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup/control1.trace' noresetlogs;
sql> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup/control2.trace';
sql> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/oradata/bossbak/20140610allbackup/control3.trace' resetlogs;
（4）创建表空间testtbs04，在表空间testtbs04创建表test02，然后直接shutdown abort
sql>
create tablespace testtbs04
datafile '/oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs04_01.dbf' size 10m
autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited
logging
extent management local autoallocate
blocksize 8k
segment space management auto
flashback on;
tablespace created.
sql> create table test02 (id number, name varchar2(30)) tablespace testtbs04;
sql> insert into test02 values(1,'nnnnn');
sql> insert into test02 values(2,'mmmmm');
sql> commit;
（5）删除所有控制文件
$ rm -rf *.ctl
sql> shutdown abort;
oracle instance shut down.
sql> startup open;
ora-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
（6）编辑trace文件
$ cp -rf control1.trace control.trace
create controlfile reuse database boss noresetlogs archivelog
maxlogfiles 16
maxlogmembers 3
maxdatafiles 100
maxinstances 8
maxloghistory 292
logfile
group 1 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo01.log' size 50m,
group 2 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo02.log' size 50m,
group 3 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo03.log' size 50m
datafile
'/oracle/oradata/boss/system01.dbf',
'/oracle/oradata/boss/undotbs01.dbf',
'/oracle/oradata/boss/sysaux01.dbf',
'/oracle/oradata/boss/users01.dbf',
'/oracle/oradata/boss/example01.dbf',
'/oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs01_01.dbf',
'/oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs01_02.dbf',
'/oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs04_01.dbf'
character set zhs16gbk
;
sql> create controlfile reuse database boss noresetlogs archivelog
2 maxlogfiles 16
3 maxlogmembers 3
4 maxdatafiles 100
5 maxinstances 8
6 maxloghistory 292
7 logfile
8 group 1 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo01.log' size 50m,
9 group 2 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo02.log' size 50m,
10 group 3 '/oracle/oradata/boss/redo03.log' size 50m
11 datafile
12 '/oracle/oradata/boss/system01.dbf',
13 '/oracle/oradata/boss/undotbs01.dbf',
14 '/oracle/oradata/boss/sysaux01.dbf',
15 '/oracle/oradata/boss/users01.dbf',
16 '/oracle/oradata/boss/example01.dbf',
17 '/oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs01_01.dbf',
18 '/oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs01_02.dbf',
19 '/oracle/oradata/boss/testtbs04_01.dbf'
20 character set zhs16gbk
21 ;
control file created.
sql> alter system archive log all; ##如果没有执行归档，那么不需要recover database
sql> select status from v$instance;
status
------------
mounted
sql> recover database;
media recovery complete.
sql> alter database open;
sql> select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
tablespace_name status
------------------------------ ---------
system online
undotbs1 online
sysaux online
temp online
users online
example online
testtbs01 online
testtbs02 offline
testtbs03 read only
testtbs04 online
sql> select * from test02;
id name
---------- ------------------------------
1 nnnnn
2 mmmmm