本文实例讲述了zend framework中zend_db数据库操作方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
引言：zend操作数据库通过zend_db_adapter
它可以连接多种数据库，可以是db2数据库、mysqli数据库、oracle数据库。等等。
只需要配置相应的参数就可以了。
下面通过案例来展示一下其连接数据库的过程。
连接mysql数据库
代码：
<?php
require_once 'zend/db.php';
$params = array('host'=>'127.0.0.1',
'username'=>'root',
'password'=>'',
'dbname'=>'test'
);
$db = zend_db::factory('pdo_mysql',$params);
点评：
这是连接mysql的代码案例，提供相应的参数就可以了。连接不同的数据库，提供不同的参数。下面是sqlite的例子
代码：
<?php
require_once 'zend/db.php';
$params = array('dbname'=>'test.mdb');
$db = zend_db::factory('pdo_sqlite',$params);
点评：
sqlite明显参数不一样了，只需要提供数据库名字就可以了。
连接完数据库之后，就可以查询数据库信息以及操作数据库信息了。
如果查询呢？
下面是查询的代码案例：
<?php
require_once 'zend/db.php';
$params = array('host'=>'127.0.0.1',
'username'=>'root',
'password'=>'',
'dbname'=>'test'
);
$db = zend_db::factory('pdo_mysql',$params);
$sql = $db->quoteinto('select * from user where id<?','5');
$result = $db->query($sql); //执行sql查询
$r_a = $result->fetchall(); //返回结果数组
print_r($r_a);
点评：
执行完上述代码，就会展示出数据库中前五条记录的信息。
那么这其中的玄机是什么呢？
我们来看一下源码。
我们来看看db.php中的factory方法
public static function factory($adapter, $config = array())
{
if ($config instanceof zend_config) {
$config = $config->toarray();
}
/*
* convert zend_config argument to plain string
* adapter name and separate config object.
*/
if ($adapter instanceof zend_config) {
if (isset($adapter->params)) {
$config = $adapter->params->toarray();
}
if (isset($adapter->adapter)) {
$adapter = (string) $adapter->adapter;
} else {
$adapter = null;
}
}
/*
* verify that adapter parameters are in an array.
*/
if (!is_array($config)) {
/**
* @see zend_db_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_exception('adapter parameters must be in an array or a zend_config object');
}
/*
* verify that an adapter name has been specified.
*/
if (!is_string($adapter) || empty($adapter)) {
/**
* @see zend_db_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_exception('adapter name must be specified in a string');
}
/*
* form full adapter class name
*/
$adapternamespace = 'zend_db_adapter';
if (isset($config['adapternamespace'])) {
if ($config['adapternamespace'] != '') {
$adapternamespace = $config['adapternamespace'];
}
unset($config['adapternamespace']);
}
// adapter no longer normalized- see http://framework.zend.com/issues/browse/zf-5606
$adaptername = $adapternamespace . '_';
$adaptername .= str_replace(' ', '_', ucwords(str_replace('_', ' ', strtolower($adapter))));
print_r($adaptername);exit;
/*
* load the adapter class. this throws an exception
* if the specified class cannot be loaded.
*/
if (!class_exists($adaptername)) {
require_once 'zend/loader.php';
zend_loader::loadclass($adaptername);
}
/*
* create an instance of the adapter class.
* pass the config to the adapter class constructor.
*/
$dbadapter = new $adaptername($config);
/*
* verify that the object created is a descendent of the abstract adapter type.
*/
if (! $dbadapter instanceof zend_db_adapter_abstract) {
/**
* @see zend_db_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_exception("adapter class '$adaptername' does not extend zend_db_adapter_abstract");
}
return $dbadapter;
}
点评：这个方法就是核心了，代码量不多，但是作用很明确，它会通过你提供的两个参数，自动生成相应的数据库连接类的对象。具有一定的灵活性，机动性。
主要是其中的
$adaptername = $adapternamespace . '_';
$adaptername .= str_replace(' ', '_', ucwords(str_replace('_', ' ', strtolower($adapter))));
/*
* load the adapter class. this throws an exception
* if the specified class cannot be loaded.
*/
if (!class_exists($adaptername)) {
require_once 'zend/loader.php';
zend_loader::loadclass($adaptername);
}
这段代码会引入相应的数据库连接类，比如前面的两个例子，就是分别引入了zend目录下db目录下adapter目录下pdo目录下的mysql.php类。
不同的数据库，会引入不同的数据库文件。
我们来看看mysql.php类中的内容：
<?php
/**
* zend framework
*
* license
*
* this source file is subject to the new bsd license that is bundled
* with this package in the file license.txt.
* it is also available through the world-wide-web at this url:
* http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd
* if you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to
* obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email
* to license@zend.com so we can send you a copy immediately.
*
* @category zend
* @package zend_db
* @subpackage adapter
* @copyright copyright (c) 2005-2012 zend technologies usa inc. (http://www.zend.com)
* @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd new bsd license
* @version $id: mysql.php 24593 2012-01-05 20:35:02z matthew $
*/
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_pdo_abstract
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/pdo/abstract.php';
/**
* class for connecting to mysql databases and performing common operations.
*
* @category zend
* @package zend_db
* @subpackage adapter
* @copyright copyright (c) 2005-2012 zend technologies usa inc. (http://www.zend.com)
* @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd new bsd license
*/
class zend_db_adapter_pdo_mysql extends zend_db_adapter_pdo_abstract
{
/**
* pdo type.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $_pdotype = 'mysql';
/**
* keys are uppercase sql datatypes or the constants
* zend_db::int_type, zend_db::bigint_type, or zend_db::float_type.
*
* values are:
* 0 = 32-bit integer
* 1 = 64-bit integer
* 2 = float or decimal
*
* @var array associative array of datatypes to values 0, 1, or 2.
*/
protected $_numericdatatypes = array(
zend_db::int_type => zend_db::int_type,
zend_db::bigint_type => zend_db::bigint_type,
zend_db::float_type => zend_db::float_type,
'int' => zend_db::int_type,
'integer' => zend_db::int_type,
'mediumint' => zend_db::int_type,
'smallint' => zend_db::int_type,
'tinyint' => zend_db::int_type,
'bigint' => zend_db::bigint_type,
'serial' => zend_db::bigint_type,
'dec' => zend_db::float_type,
'decimal' => zend_db::float_type,
'double' => zend_db::float_type,
'double precision' => zend_db::float_type,
'fixed' => zend_db::float_type,
'float' => zend_db::float_type
);
/**
* override _dsn() and ensure that charset is incorporated in mysql
* @see zend_db_adapter_pdo_abstract::_dsn()
*/
protected function _dsn()
{
$dsn = parent::_dsn();
if (isset($this->_config['charset'])) {
$dsn .= ';charset=' . $this->_config['charset'];
}
return $dsn;
}
/**
* creates a pdo object and connects to the database.
*
* @return void
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
protected function _connect()
{
if ($this->_connection) {
return;
}
if (!empty($this->_config['charset'])) {
$initcommand = "set names '" . $this->_config['charset'] . "'";
$this->_config['driver_options'][1002] = $initcommand; // 1002 = pdo::mysql_attr_init_command
}
parent::_connect();
}
/**
* @return string
*/
public function getquoteidentifiersymbol()
{
return "`";
}
/**
* returns a list of the tables in the database.
*
* @return array
*/
public function listtables()
{
return $this->fetchcol('show tables');
}
/**
* returns the column descriptions for a table.
*
* the return value is an associative array keyed by the column name,
* as returned by the rdbms.
*
* the value of each array element is an associative array
* with the following keys:
*
* schema_name => string; name of database or schema
* table_name => string;
* column_name => string; column name
* column_position => number; ordinal position of column in table
* data_type => string; sql datatype name of column
* default => string; default expression of column, null if none
* nullable => boolean; true if column can have nulls
* length => number; length of char/varchar
* scale => number; scale of numeric/decimal
* precision => number; precision of numeric/decimal
* unsigned => boolean; unsigned property of an integer type
* primary => boolean; true if column is part of the primary key
* primary_position => integer; position of column in primary key
* identity => integer; true if column is auto-generated with unique values
*
* @param string $tablename
* @param string $schemaname optional
* @return array
*/
public function describetable($tablename, $schemaname = null)
{
// @todo use information_schema someday when mysql's
// implementation has reasonably good performance and
// the version with this improvement is in wide use.
if ($schemaname) {
$sql = 'describe ' . $this->quoteidentifier("$schemaname.$tablename", true);
} else {
$sql = 'describe ' . $this->quoteidentifier($tablename, true);
}
$stmt = $this->query($sql);
// use fetch_num so we are not dependent on the case attribute of the pdo connection
$result = $stmt->fetchall(zend_db::fetch_num);
$field = 0;
$type = 1;
$null = 2;
$key = 3;
$default = 4;
$extra = 5;
$desc = array();
$i = 1;
$p = 1;
foreach ($result as $row) {
list($length, $scale, $precision, $unsigned, $primary, $primaryposition, $identity)
= array(null, null, null, null, false, null, false);
if (preg_match('/unsigned/', $row[$type])) {
$unsigned = true;
}
if (preg_match('/^((?:var)?char)\((\d+)\)/', $row[$type], $matches)) {
$row[$type] = $matches[1];
$length = $matches[2];
} else if (preg_match('/^decimal\((\d+),(\d+)\)/', $row[$type], $matches)) {
$row[$type] = 'decimal';
$precision = $matches[1];
$scale = $matches[2];
} else if (preg_match('/^float\((\d+),(\d+)\)/', $row[$type], $matches)) {
$row[$type] = 'float';
$precision = $matches[1];
$scale = $matches[2];
} else if (preg_match('/^((?:big|medium|small|tiny)?int)\((\d+)\)/', $row[$type], $matches)) {
$row[$type] = $matches[1];
// the optional argument of a mysql int type is not precision
// or length; it is only a hint for display width.
}
if (strtoupper($row[$key]) == 'pri') {
$primary = true;
$primaryposition = $p;
if ($row[$extra] == 'auto_increment') {
$identity = true;
} else {
$identity = false;
}
++$p;
}
$desc[$this->foldcase($row[$field])] = array(
'schema_name' => null, // @todo
'table_name' => $this->foldcase($tablename),
'column_name' => $this->foldcase($row[$field]),
'column_position' => $i,
'data_type' => $row[$type],
'default' => $row[$default],
'nullable' => (bool) ($row[$null] == 'yes'),
'length' => $length,
'scale' => $scale,
'precision' => $precision,
'unsigned' => $unsigned,
'primary' => $primary,
'primary_position' => $primaryposition,
'identity' => $identity
);
++$i;
}
return $desc;
}
/**
* adds an adapter-specific limit clause to the select statement.
*
* @param string $sql
* @param integer $count
* @param integer $offset optional
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
* @return string
*/
public function limit($sql, $count, $offset = 0)
{
$count = intval($count);
if ($count <= 0) {
/** @see zend_db_adapter_exception */
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception("limit argument count=$count is not valid");
}
$offset = intval($offset);
if ($offset < 0) {
/** @see zend_db_adapter_exception */
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception("limit argument offset=$offset is not valid");
}
$sql .= " limit $count";
if ($offset > 0) {
$sql .= " offset $offset";
}
return $sql;
}
}
这里又引入了一个abstract类，抽象类
<?php
/**
* zend framework
*
* license
*
* this source file is subject to the new bsd license that is bundled
* with this package in the file license.txt.
* it is also available through the world-wide-web at this url:
* http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd
* if you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to
* obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email
* to license@zend.com so we can send you a copy immediately.
*
* @category zend
* @package zend_db
* @subpackage adapter
* @copyright copyright (c) 2005-2012 zend technologies usa inc. (http://www.zend.com)
* @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd new bsd license
* @version $id: abstract.php 24593 2012-01-05 20:35:02z matthew $
*/
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_abstract
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/abstract.php';
/**
* @see zend_db_statement_pdo
*/
require_once 'zend/db/statement/pdo.php';
/**
* class for connecting to sql databases and performing common operations using pdo.
*
* @category zend
* @package zend_db
* @subpackage adapter
* @copyright copyright (c) 2005-2012 zend technologies usa inc. (http://www.zend.com)
* @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd new bsd license
*/
abstract class zend_db_adapter_pdo_abstract extends zend_db_adapter_abstract
{
/**
* default class name for a db statement.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $_defaultstmtclass = 'zend_db_statement_pdo';
/**
* creates a pdo dsn for the adapter from $this->_config settings.
*
* @return string
*/
protected function _dsn()
{
// baseline of dsn parts
$dsn = $this->_config;
// don't pass the username, password, charset, persistent and driver_options in the dsn
unset($dsn['username']);
unset($dsn['password']);
unset($dsn['options']);
unset($dsn['charset']);
unset($dsn['persistent']);
unset($dsn['driver_options']);
// use all remaining parts in the dsn
foreach ($dsn as $key => $val) {
$dsn[$key] = "$key=$val";
}
return $this->_pdotype . ':' . implode(';', $dsn);
}
/**
* creates a pdo object and connects to the database.
*
* @return void
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
protected function _connect()
{
// if we already have a pdo object, no need to re-connect.
if ($this->_connection) {
return;
}
// get the dsn first, because some adapters alter the $_pdotype
$dsn = $this->_dsn();
// check for pdo extension
if (!extension_loaded('pdo')) {
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception('the pdo extension is required for this adapter but the extension is not loaded');
}
// check the pdo driver is available
if (!in_array($this->_pdotype, pdo::getavailabledrivers())) {
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception('the ' . $this->_pdotype . ' driver is not currently installed');
}
// create pdo connection
$q = $this->_profiler->querystart('connect', zend_db_profiler::connect);
// add the persistence flag if we find it in our config array
if (isset($this->_config['persistent']) && ($this->_config['persistent'] == true)) {
$this->_config['driver_options'][pdo::attr_persistent] = true;
}
try {
$this->_connection = new pdo(
$dsn,
$this->_config['username'],
$this->_config['password'],
$this->_config['driver_options']
);
$this->_profiler->queryend($q);
// set the pdo connection to perform case-folding on array keys, or not
$this->_connection->setattribute(pdo::attr_case, $this->_casefolding);
// always use exceptions.
$this->_connection->setattribute(pdo::attr_errmode, pdo::errmode_exception);
} catch (pdoexception $e) {
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception($e->getmessage(), $e->getcode(), $e);
}
}
/**
* test if a connection is active
*
* @return boolean
*/
public function isconnected()
{
return ((bool) ($this->_connection instanceof pdo));
}
/**
* force the connection to close.
*
* @return void
*/
public function closeconnection()
{
$this->_connection = null;
}
/**
* prepares an sql statement.
*
* @param string $sql the sql statement with placeholders.
* @param array $bind an array of data to bind to the placeholders.
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function prepare($sql)
{
$this->_connect();
$stmtclass = $this->_defaultstmtclass;
if (!class_exists($stmtclass)) {
require_once 'zend/loader.php';
zend_loader::loadclass($stmtclass);
}
$stmt = new $stmtclass($this, $sql);
$stmt->setfetchmode($this->_fetchmode);
return $stmt;
}
/**
* gets the last id generated automatically by an identity/autoincrement column.
*
* as a convention, on rdbms brands that support sequences
* (e.g. oracle, postgresql, db2), this method forms the name of a sequence
* from the arguments and returns the last id generated by that sequence.
* on rdbms brands that support identity/autoincrement columns, this method
* returns the last value generated for such a column, and the table name
* argument is disregarded.
*
* on rdbms brands that don't support sequences, $tablename and $primarykey
* are ignored.
*
* @param string $tablename optional name of table.
* @param string $primarykey optional name of primary key column.
* @return string
*/
public function lastinsertid($tablename = null, $primarykey = null)
{
$this->_connect();
return $this->_connection->lastinsertid();
}
/**
* special handling for pdo query().
* all bind parameter names must begin with ':'
*
* @param string|zend_db_select $sql the sql statement with placeholders.
* @param array $bind an array of data to bind to the placeholders.
* @return zend_db_statement_pdo
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception to re-throw pdoexception.
*/
public function query($sql, $bind = array())
{
if (empty($bind) && $sql instanceof zend_db_select) {
$bind = $sql->getbind();
}
if (is_array($bind)) {
foreach ($bind as $name => $value) {
if (!is_int($name) && !preg_match('/^:/', $name)) {
$newname = ":$name";
unset($bind[$name]);
$bind[$newname] = $value;
}
}
}
try {
return parent::query($sql, $bind);
} catch (pdoexception $e) {
/**
* @see zend_db_statement_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/statement/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_statement_exception($e->getmessage(), $e->getcode(), $e);
}
}
/**
* executes an sql statement and return the number of affected rows
*
* @param mixed $sql the sql statement with placeholders.
* may be a string or zend_db_select.
* @return integer number of rows that were modified
* or deleted by the sql statement
*/
public function exec($sql)
{
if ($sql instanceof zend_db_select) {
$sql = $sql->assemble();
}
try {
$affected = $this->getconnection()->exec($sql);
if ($affected === false) {
$errorinfo = $this->getconnection()->errorinfo();
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception($errorinfo[2]);
}
return $affected;
} catch (pdoexception $e) {
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception($e->getmessage(), $e->getcode(), $e);
}
}
/**
* quote a raw string.
*
* @param string $value raw string
* @return string quoted string
*/
protected function _quote($value)
{
if (is_int($value) || is_float($value)) {
return $value;
}
$this->_connect();
return $this->_connection->quote($value);
}
/**
* begin a transaction.
*/
protected function _begintransaction()
{
$this->_connect();
$this->_connection->begintransaction();
}
/**
* commit a transaction.
*/
protected function _commit()
{
$this->_connect();
$this->_connection->commit();
}
/**
* roll-back a transaction.
*/
protected function _rollback() {
$this->_connect();
$this->_connection->rollback();
}
/**
* set the pdo fetch mode.
*
* @todo support fetch_class and fetch_into.
*
* @param int $mode a pdo fetch mode.
* @return void
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
public function setfetchmode($mode)
{
//check for pdo extension
if (!extension_loaded('pdo')) {
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception('the pdo extension is required for this adapter but the extension is not loaded');
}
switch ($mode) {
case pdo::fetch_lazy:
case pdo::fetch_assoc:
case pdo::fetch_num:
case pdo::fetch_both:
case pdo::fetch_named:
case pdo::fetch_obj:
$this->_fetchmode = $mode;
break;
default:
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception("invalid fetch mode '$mode' specified");
break;
}
}
/**
* check if the adapter supports real sql parameters.
*
* @param string $type 'positional' or 'named'
* @return bool
*/
public function supportsparameters($type)
{
switch ($type) {
case 'positional':
case 'named':
default:
return true;
}
}
/**
* retrieve server version in php style
*
* @return string
*/
public function getserverversion()
{
$this->_connect();
try {
$version = $this->_connection->getattribute(pdo::attr_server_version);
} catch (pdoexception $e) {
// in case of the driver doesn't support getting attributes
return null;
}
$matches = null;
if (preg_match('/((?:[0-9]{1,2}\.){1,3}[0-9]{1,2})/', $version, $matches)) {
return $matches[1];
} else {
return null;
}
}
}
这个抽象类中又有另一个核心的抽象类。一些核心的方法都在这里
<?php
/**
* zend framework
*
* license
*
* this source file is subject to the new bsd license that is bundled
* with this package in the file license.txt.
* it is also available through the world-wide-web at this url:
* http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd
* if you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to
* obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email
* to license@zend.com so we can send you a copy immediately.
*
* @category zend
* @package zend_db
* @subpackage adapter
* @copyright copyright (c) 2005-2012 zend technologies usa inc. (http://www.zend.com)
* @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd new bsd license
* @version $id: abstract.php 25229 2013-01-18 08:17:21z frosch $
*/
/**
* @see zend_db
*/
require_once 'zend/db.php';
/**
* @see zend_db_select
*/
require_once 'zend/db/select.php';
/**
* class for connecting to sql databases and performing common operations.
*
* @category zend
* @package zend_db
* @subpackage adapter
* @copyright copyright (c) 2005-2012 zend technologies usa inc. (http://www.zend.com)
* @license http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd new bsd license
*/
abstract class zend_db_adapter_abstract
{
/**
* user-provided configuration
*
* @var array
*/
protected $_config = array();
/**
* fetch mode
*
* @var integer
*/
protected $_fetchmode = zend_db::fetch_assoc;
/**
* query profiler object, of type zend_db_profiler
* or a subclass of that.
*
* @var zend_db_profiler
*/
protected $_profiler;
/**
* default class name for a db statement.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $_defaultstmtclass = 'zend_db_statement';
/**
* default class name for the profiler object.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $_defaultprofilerclass = 'zend_db_profiler';
/**
* database connection
*
* @var object|resource|null
*/
protected $_connection = null;
/**
* specifies the case of column names retrieved in queries
* options
* zend_db::case_natural (default)
* zend_db::case_lower
* zend_db::case_upper
*
* @var integer
*/
protected $_casefolding = zend_db::case_natural;
/**
* specifies whether the adapter automatically quotes identifiers.
* if true, most sql generated by zend_db classes applies
* identifier quoting automatically.
* if false, developer must quote identifiers themselves
* by calling quoteidentifier().
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $_autoquoteidentifiers = true;
/**
* keys are uppercase sql datatypes or the constants
* zend_db::int_type, zend_db::bigint_type, or zend_db::float_type.
*
* values are:
* 0 = 32-bit integer
* 1 = 64-bit integer
* 2 = float or decimal
*
* @var array associative array of datatypes to values 0, 1, or 2.
*/
protected $_numericdatatypes = array(
zend_db::int_type => zend_db::int_type,
zend_db::bigint_type => zend_db::bigint_type,
zend_db::float_type => zend_db::float_type
);
/** weither or not that object can get serialized
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $_allowserialization = true;
/**
* weither or not the database should be reconnected
* to that adapter when waking up
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $_autoreconnectonunserialize = false;
/**
* constructor.
*
* $config is an array of key/value pairs or an instance of zend_config
* containing configuration options. these options are common to most adapters:
*
* dbname => (string) the name of the database to user
* username => (string) connect to the database as this username.
* password => (string) password associated with the username.
* host => (string) what host to connect to, defaults to localhost
*
* some options are used on a case-by-case basis by adapters:
*
* port => (string) the port of the database
* persistent => (boolean) whether to use a persistent connection or not, defaults to false
* protocol => (string) the network protocol, defaults to tcpip
* casefolding => (int) style of case-alteration used for identifiers
* socket => (string) the socket or named pipe that should be used
*
* @param array|zend_config $config an array or instance of zend_config having configuration data
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
public function __construct($config)
{
/*
* verify that adapter parameters are in an array.
*/
if (!is_array($config)) {
/*
* convert zend_config argument to a plain array.
*/
if ($config instanceof zend_config) {
$config = $config->toarray();
} else {
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception('adapter parameters must be in an array or a zend_config object');
}
}
$this->_checkrequiredoptions($config);
$options = array(
zend_db::case_folding => $this->_casefolding,
zend_db::auto_quote_identifiers => $this->_autoquoteidentifiers,
zend_db::fetch_mode => $this->_fetchmode,
);
$driveroptions = array();
/*
* normalize the config and merge it with the defaults
*/
if (array_key_exists('options', $config)) {
// can't use array_merge() because keys might be integers
foreach ((array) $config['options'] as $key => $value) {
$options[$key] = $value;
}
}
if (array_key_exists('driver_options', $config)) {
if (!empty($config['driver_options'])) {
// can't use array_merge() because keys might be integers
foreach ((array) $config['driver_options'] as $key => $value) {
$driveroptions[$key] = $value;
}
}
}
if (!isset($config['charset'])) {
$config['charset'] = null;
}
if (!isset($config['persistent'])) {
$config['persistent'] = false;
}
$this->_config = array_merge($this->_config, $config);
$this->_config['options'] = $options;
$this->_config['driver_options'] = $driveroptions;
// obtain the case setting, if there is one
if (array_key_exists(zend_db::case_folding, $options)) {
$case = (int) $options[zend_db::case_folding];
switch ($case) {
case zend_db::case_lower:
case zend_db::case_upper:
case zend_db::case_natural:
$this->_casefolding = $case;
break;
default:
/** @see zend_db_adapter_exception */
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception('case must be one of the following constants: '
. 'zend_db::case_natural, zend_db::case_lower, zend_db::case_upper');
}
}
if (array_key_exists(zend_db::fetch_mode, $options)) {
if (is_string($options[zend_db::fetch_mode])) {
$constant = 'zend_db::fetch_' . strtoupper($options[zend_db::fetch_mode]);
if(defined($constant)) {
$options[zend_db::fetch_mode] = constant($constant);
}
}
$this->setfetchmode((int) $options[zend_db::fetch_mode]);
}
// obtain quoting property if there is one
if (array_key_exists(zend_db::auto_quote_identifiers, $options)) {
$this->_autoquoteidentifiers = (bool) $options[zend_db::auto_quote_identifiers];
}
// obtain allow serialization property if there is one
if (array_key_exists(zend_db::allow_serialization, $options)) {
$this->_allowserialization = (bool) $options[zend_db::allow_serialization];
}
// obtain auto reconnect on unserialize property if there is one
if (array_key_exists(zend_db::auto_reconnect_on_unserialize, $options)) {
$this->_autoreconnectonunserialize = (bool) $options[zend_db::auto_reconnect_on_unserialize];
}
// create a profiler object
$profiler = false;
if (array_key_exists(zend_db::profiler, $this->_config)) {
$profiler = $this->_config[zend_db::profiler];
unset($this->_config[zend_db::profiler]);
}
$this->setprofiler($profiler);
}
/**
* check for config options that are mandatory.
* throw exceptions if any are missing.
*
* @param array $config
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
protected function _checkrequiredoptions(array $config)
{
// we need at least a dbname
if (! array_key_exists('dbname', $config)) {
/** @see zend_db_adapter_exception */
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception("configuration array must have a key for 'dbname' that names the database instance");
}
if (! array_key_exists('password', $config)) {
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception("configuration array must have a key for 'password' for login credentials");
}
if (! array_key_exists('username', $config)) {
/**
* @see zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception("configuration array must have a key for 'username' for login credentials");
}
}
/**
* returns the underlying database connection object or resource.
* if not presently connected, this initiates the connection.
*
* @return object|resource|null
*/
public function getconnection()
{
$this->_connect();
return $this->_connection;
}
/**
* returns the configuration variables in this adapter.
*
* @return array
*/
public function getconfig()
{
return $this->_config;
}
/**
* set the adapter's profiler object.
*
* the argument may be a boolean, an associative array, an instance of
* zend_db_profiler, or an instance of zend_config.
*
* a boolean argument sets the profiler to enabled if true, or disabled if
* false. the profiler class is the adapter's default profiler class,
* zend_db_profiler.
*
* an instance of zend_db_profiler sets the adapter's instance to that
* object. the profiler is enabled and disabled separately.
*
* an associative array argument may contain any of the keys 'enabled',
* 'class', and 'instance'. the 'enabled' and 'instance' keys correspond to the
* boolean and object types documented above. the 'class' key is used to name a
* class to use for a custom profiler. the class must be zend_db_profiler or a
* subclass. the class is instantiated with no constructor arguments. the 'class'
* option is ignored when the 'instance' option is supplied.
*
* an object of type zend_config may contain the properties 'enabled', 'class', and
* 'instance', just as if an associative array had been passed instead.
*
* @param zend_db_profiler|zend_config|array|boolean $profiler
* @return zend_db_adapter_abstract provides a fluent interface
* @throws zend_db_profiler_exception if the object instance or class specified
* is not zend_db_profiler or an extension of that class.
*/
public function setprofiler($profiler)
{
$enabled = null;
$profilerclass = $this->_defaultprofilerclass;
$profilerinstance = null;
if ($profilerisobject = is_object($profiler)) {
if ($profiler instanceof zend_db_profiler) {
$profilerinstance = $profiler;
} else if ($profiler instanceof zend_config) {
$profiler = $profiler->toarray();
} else {
/**
* @see zend_db_profiler_exception
*/
require_once 'zend/db/profiler/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_profiler_exception('profiler argument must be an instance of either zend_db_profiler'
. ' or zend_config when provided as an object');
}
}
if (is_array($profiler)) {
if (isset($profiler['enabled'])) {
$enabled = (bool) $profiler['enabled'];
}
if (isset($profiler['class'])) {
$profilerclass = $profiler['class'];
}
if (isset($profiler['instance'])) {
$profilerinstance = $profiler['instance'];
}
} else if (!$profilerisobject) {
$enabled = (bool) $profiler;
}
if ($profilerinstance === null) {
if (!class_exists($profilerclass)) {
require_once 'zend/loader.php';
zend_loader::loadclass($profilerclass);
}
$profilerinstance = new $profilerclass();
}
if (!$profilerinstance instanceof zend_db_profiler) {
/** @see zend_db_profiler_exception */
require_once 'zend/db/profiler/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_profiler_exception('class ' . get_class($profilerinstance) . ' does not extend '
. 'zend_db_profiler');
}
if (null !== $enabled) {
$profilerinstance->setenabled($enabled);
}
$this->_profiler = $profilerinstance;
return $this;
}
/**
* returns the profiler for this adapter.
*
* @return zend_db_profiler
*/
public function getprofiler()
{
return $this->_profiler;
}
/**
* get the default statement class.
*
* @return string
*/
public function getstatementclass()
{
return $this->_defaultstmtclass;
}
/**
* set the default statement class.
*
* @return zend_db_adapter_abstract fluent interface
*/
public function setstatementclass($class)
{
$this->_defaultstmtclass = $class;
return $this;
}
/**
* prepares and executes an sql statement with bound data.
*
* @param mixed $sql the sql statement with placeholders.
* may be a string or zend_db_select.
* @param mixed $bind an array of data to bind to the placeholders.
* @return zend_db_statement_interface
*/
public function query($sql, $bind = array())
{
// connect to the database if needed
$this->_connect();
// is the $sql a zend_db_select object?
if ($sql instanceof zend_db_select) {
if (empty($bind)) {
$bind = $sql->getbind();
}
$sql = $sql->assemble();
}
// make sure $bind to an array;
// don't use (array) typecasting because
// because $bind may be a zend_db_expr object
if (!is_array($bind)) {
$bind = array($bind);
}
// prepare and execute the statement with profiling
$stmt = $this->prepare($sql);
$stmt->execute($bind);
// return the results embedded in the prepared statement object
$stmt->setfetchmode($this->_fetchmode);
return $stmt;
}
/**
* leave autocommit mode and begin a transaction.
*
* @return zend_db_adapter_abstract
*/
public function begintransaction()
{
$this->_connect();
$q = $this->_profiler->querystart('begin', zend_db_profiler::transaction);
$this->_begintransaction();
$this->_profiler->queryend($q);
return $this;
}
/**
* commit a transaction and return to autocommit mode.
*
* @return zend_db_adapter_abstract
*/
public function commit()
{
$this->_connect();
$q = $this->_profiler->querystart('commit', zend_db_profiler::transaction);
$this->_commit();
$this->_profiler->queryend($q);
return $this;
}
/**
* roll back a transaction and return to autocommit mode.
*
* @return zend_db_adapter_abstract
*/
public function rollback()
{
$this->_connect();
$q = $this->_profiler->querystart('rollback', zend_db_profiler::transaction);
$this->_rollback();
$this->_profiler->queryend($q);
return $this;
}
/**
* inserts a table row with specified data.
*
* @param mixed $table the table to insert data into.
* @param array $bind column-value pairs.
* @return int the number of affected rows.
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
public function insert($table, array $bind)
{
// extract and quote col names from the array keys
$cols = array();
$vals = array();
$i = 0;
foreach ($bind as $col => $val) {
$cols[] = $this->quoteidentifier($col, true);
if ($val instanceof zend_db_expr) {
$vals[] = $val->__tostring();
unset($bind[$col]);
} else {
if ($this->supportsparameters('positional')) {
$vals[] = '?';
} else {
if ($this->supportsparameters('named')) {
unset($bind[$col]);
$bind[':col'.$i] = $val;
$vals[] = ':col'.$i;
$i++;
} else {
/** @see zend_db_adapter_exception */
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception(get_class($this) ." doesn't support positional or named binding");
}
}
}
}
// build the statement
$sql = "insert into "
. $this->quoteidentifier($table, true)
. ' (' . implode(', ', $cols) . ') '
. 'values (' . implode(', ', $vals) . ')';
// execute the statement and return the number of affected rows
if ($this->supportsparameters('positional')) {
$bind = array_values($bind);
}
$stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind);
$result = $stmt->rowcount();
return $result;
}
/**
* updates table rows with specified data based on a where clause.
*
* @param mixed $table the table to update.
* @param array $bind column-value pairs.
* @param mixed $where update where clause(s).
* @return int the number of affected rows.
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
public function update($table, array $bind, $where = '')
{
/**
* build "col = ?" pairs for the statement,
* except for zend_db_expr which is treated literally.
*/
$set = array();
$i = 0;
foreach ($bind as $col => $val) {
if ($val instanceof zend_db_expr) {
$val = $val->__tostring();
unset($bind[$col]);
} else {
if ($this->supportsparameters('positional')) {
$val = '?';
} else {
if ($this->supportsparameters('named')) {
unset($bind[$col]);
$bind[':col'.$i] = $val;
$val = ':col'.$i;
$i++;
} else {
/** @see zend_db_adapter_exception */
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception(get_class($this) ." doesn't support positional or named binding");
}
}
}
$set[] = $this->quoteidentifier($col, true) . ' = ' . $val;
}
$where = $this->_whereexpr($where);
/**
* build the update statement
*/
$sql = "update "
. $this->quoteidentifier($table, true)
. ' set ' . implode(', ', $set)
. (($where) ? " where $where" : '');
/**
* execute the statement and return the number of affected rows
*/
if ($this->supportsparameters('positional')) {
$stmt = $this->query($sql, array_values($bind));
} else {
$stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind);
}
$result = $stmt->rowcount();
return $result;
}
/**
* deletes table rows based on a where clause.
*
* @param mixed $table the table to update.
* @param mixed $where delete where clause(s).
* @return int the number of affected rows.
*/
public function delete($table, $where = '')
{
$where = $this->_whereexpr($where);
/**
* build the delete statement
*/
$sql = "delete from "
. $this->quoteidentifier($table, true)
. (($where) ? " where $where" : '');
/**
* execute the statement and return the number of affected rows
*/
$stmt = $this->query($sql);
$result = $stmt->rowcount();
return $result;
}
/**
* convert an array, string, or zend_db_expr object
* into a string to put in a where clause.
*
* @param mixed $where
* @return string
*/
protected function _whereexpr($where)
{
if (empty($where)) {
return $where;
}
if (!is_array($where)) {
$where = array($where);
}
foreach ($where as $cond => &$term) {
// is $cond an int? (i.e. not a condition)
if (is_int($cond)) {
// $term is the full condition
if ($term instanceof zend_db_expr) {
$term = $term->__tostring();
}
} else {
// $cond is the condition with placeholder,
// and $term is quoted into the condition
$term = $this->quoteinto($cond, $term);
}
$term = '(' . $term . ')';
}
$where = implode(' and ', $where);
return $where;
}
/**
* creates and returns a new zend_db_select object for this adapter.
*
* @return zend_db_select
*/
public function select()
{
return new zend_db_select($this);
}
/**
* get the fetch mode.
*
* @return int
*/
public function getfetchmode()
{
return $this->_fetchmode;
}
/**
* fetches all sql result rows as a sequential array.
* uses the current fetchmode for the adapter.
*
* @param string|zend_db_select $sql an sql select statement.
* @param mixed $bind data to bind into select placeholders.
* @param mixed $fetchmode override current fetch mode.
* @return array
*/
public function fetchall($sql, $bind = array(), $fetchmode = null)
{
if ($fetchmode === null) {
$fetchmode = $this->_fetchmode;
}
$stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind);
$result = $stmt->fetchall($fetchmode);
return $result;
}
/**
* fetches the first row of the sql result.
* uses the current fetchmode for the adapter.
*
* @param string|zend_db_select $sql an sql select statement.
* @param mixed $bind data to bind into select placeholders.
* @param mixed $fetchmode override current fetch mode.
* @return mixed array, object, or scalar depending on fetch mode.
*/
public function fetchrow($sql, $bind = array(), $fetchmode = null)
{
if ($fetchmode === null) {
$fetchmode = $this->_fetchmode;
}
$stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind);
$result = $stmt->fetch($fetchmode);
return $result;
}
/**
* fetches all sql result rows as an associative array.
*
* the first column is the key, the entire row array is the
* value. you should construct the query to be sure that
* the first column contains unique values, or else
* rows with duplicate values in the first column will
* overwrite previous data.
*
* @param string|zend_db_select $sql an sql select statement.
* @param mixed $bind data to bind into select placeholders.
* @return array
*/
public function fetchassoc($sql, $bind = array())
{
$stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind);
$data = array();
while ($row = $stmt->fetch(zend_db::fetch_assoc)) {
$tmp = array_values(array_slice($row, 0, 1));
$data[$tmp[0]] = $row;
}
return $data;
}
/**
* fetches the first column of all sql result rows as an array.
*
* @param string|zend_db_select $sql an sql select statement.
* @param mixed $bind data to bind into select placeholders.
* @return array
*/
public function fetchcol($sql, $bind = array())
{
$stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind);
$result = $stmt->fetchall(zend_db::fetch_column, 0);
return $result;
}
/**
* fetches all sql result rows as an array of key-value pairs.
*
* the first column is the key, the second column is the
* value.
*
* @param string|zend_db_select $sql an sql select statement.
* @param mixed $bind data to bind into select placeholders.
* @return array
*/
public function fetchpairs($sql, $bind = array())
{
$stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind);
$data = array();
while ($row = $stmt->fetch(zend_db::fetch_num)) {
$data[$row[0]] = $row[1];
}
return $data;
}
/**
* fetches the first column of the first row of the sql result.
*
* @param string|zend_db_select $sql an sql select statement.
* @param mixed $bind data to bind into select placeholders.
* @return string
*/
public function fetchone($sql, $bind = array())
{
$stmt = $this->query($sql, $bind);
$result = $stmt->fetchcolumn(0);
return $result;
}
/**
* quote a raw string.
*
* @param string $value raw string
* @return string quoted string
*/
protected function _quote($value)
{
if (is_int($value)) {
return $value;
} elseif (is_float($value)) {
return sprintf('%f', $value);
}
return "'" . addcslashes($value, "\000\n\r\\'\"\032") . "'";
}
/**
* safely quotes a value for an sql statement.
*
* if an array is passed as the value, the array values are quoted
* and then returned as a comma-separated string.
*
* @param mixed $value the value to quote.
* @param mixed $type optional the sql datatype name, or constant, or null.
* @return mixed an sql-safe quoted value (or string of separated values).
*/
public function quote($value, $type = null)
{
$this->_connect();
if ($value instanceof zend_db_select) {
return '(' . $value->assemble() . ')';
}
if ($value instanceof zend_db_expr) {
return $value->__tostring();
}
if (is_array($value)) {
foreach ($value as &$val) {
$val = $this->quote($val, $type);
}
return implode(', ', $value);
}
if ($type !== null && array_key_exists($type = strtoupper($type), $this->_numericdatatypes)) {
$quotedvalue = '0';
switch ($this->_numericdatatypes[$type]) {
case zend_db::int_type: // 32-bit integer
$quotedvalue = (string) intval($value);
break;
case zend_db::bigint_type: // 64-bit integer
// ansi sql-style hex literals (e.g. x'[\da-f]+')
// are not supported here, because these are string
// literals, not numeric literals.
if (preg_match('/^(
[+-]? # optional sign
(?:
0[xx][\da-fa-f]+ # odbc-style hexadecimal
|\d+ # decimal or octal, or mysql zerofill decimal
(?:[ee][+-]?\d+)? # optional exponent on decimals or octals
)
)/x',
(string) $value, $matches)) {
$quotedvalue = $matches[1];
}
break;
case zend_db::float_type: // float or decimal
$quotedvalue = sprintf('%f', $value);
}
return $quotedvalue;
}
return $this->_quote($value);
}
/**
* quotes a value and places into a piece of text at a placeholder.
*
* the placeholder is a question-mark; all placeholders will be replaced
* with the quoted value. for example:
*
* <code>
* $text = "where date < ?";
* $date = "2005-01-02";
* $safe = $sql->quoteinto($text, $date);
* // $safe = "where date < '2005-01-02'"
* </code>
*
* @param string $text the text with a placeholder.
* @param mixed $value the value to quote.
* @param string $type optional sql datatype
* @param integer $count optional count of placeholders to replace
* @return string an sql-safe quoted value placed into the original text.
*/
public function quoteinto($text, $value, $type = null, $count = null)
{
if ($count === null) {
return str_replace('?', $this->quote($value, $type), $text);
} else {
while ($count > 0) {
if (strpos($text, '?') !== false) {
$text = substr_replace($text, $this->quote($value, $type), strpos($text, '?'), 1);
}
--$count;
}
return $text;
}
}
/**
* quotes an identifier.
*
* accepts a string representing a qualified indentifier. for example:
* <code>
* $adapter->quoteidentifier('myschema.mytable')
* </code>
* returns: "myschema"."mytable"
*
* or, an array of one or more identifiers that may form a qualified identifier:
* <code>
* $adapter->quoteidentifier(array('myschema','my.table'))
* </code>
* returns: "myschema"."my.table"
*
* the actual quote character surrounding the identifiers may vary depending on
* the adapter.
*
* @param string|array|zend_db_expr $ident the identifier.
* @param boolean $auto if true, heed the auto_quote_identifiers config option.
* @return string the quoted identifier.
*/
public function quoteidentifier($ident, $auto=false)
{
return $this->_quoteidentifieras($ident, null, $auto);
}
/**
* quote a column identifier and alias.
*
* @param string|array|zend_db_expr $ident the identifier or expression.
* @param string $alias an alias for the column.
* @param boolean $auto if true, heed the auto_quote_identifiers config option.
* @return string the quoted identifier and alias.
*/
public function quotecolumnas($ident, $alias, $auto=false)
{
return $this->_quoteidentifieras($ident, $alias, $auto);
}
/**
* quote a table identifier and alias.
*
* @param string|array|zend_db_expr $ident the identifier or expression.
* @param string $alias an alias for the table.
* @param boolean $auto if true, heed the auto_quote_identifiers config option.
* @return string the quoted identifier and alias.
*/
public function quotetableas($ident, $alias = null, $auto = false)
{
return $this->_quoteidentifieras($ident, $alias, $auto);
}
/**
* quote an identifier and an optional alias.
*
* @param string|array|zend_db_expr $ident the identifier or expression.
* @param string $alias an optional alias.
* @param boolean $auto if true, heed the auto_quote_identifiers config option.
* @param string $as the string to add between the identifier/expression and the alias.
* @return string the quoted identifier and alias.
*/
protected function _quoteidentifieras($ident, $alias = null, $auto = false, $as = ' as ')
{
if ($ident instanceof zend_db_expr) {
$quoted = $ident->__tostring();
} elseif ($ident instanceof zend_db_select) {
$quoted = '(' . $ident->assemble() . ')';
} else {
if (is_string($ident)) {
$ident = explode('.', $ident);
}
if (is_array($ident)) {
$segments = array();
foreach ($ident as $segment) {
if ($segment instanceof zend_db_expr) {
$segments[] = $segment->__tostring();
} else {
$segments[] = $this->_quoteidentifier($segment, $auto);
}
}
if ($alias !== null && end($ident) == $alias) {
$alias = null;
}
$quoted = implode('.', $segments);
} else {
$quoted = $this->_quoteidentifier($ident, $auto);
}
}
if ($alias !== null) {
$quoted .= $as . $this->_quoteidentifier($alias, $auto);
}
return $quoted;
}
/**
* quote an identifier.
*
* @param string $value the identifier or expression.
* @param boolean $auto if true, heed the auto_quote_identifiers config option.
* @return string the quoted identifier and alias.
*/
protected function _quoteidentifier($value, $auto=false)
{
if ($auto === false || $this->_autoquoteidentifiers === true) {
$q = $this->getquoteidentifiersymbol();
return ($q . str_replace("$q", "$q$q", $value) . $q);
}
return $value;
}
/**
* returns the symbol the adapter uses for delimited identifiers.
*
* @return string
*/
public function getquoteidentifiersymbol()
{
return '"';
}
/**
* return the most recent value from the specified sequence in the database.
* this is supported only on rdbms brands that support sequences
* (e.g. oracle, postgresql, db2). other rdbms brands return null.
*
* @param string $sequencename
* @return string
*/
public function lastsequenceid($sequencename)
{
return null;
}
/**
* generate a new value from the specified sequence in the database, and return it.
* this is supported only on rdbms brands that support sequences
* (e.g. oracle, postgresql, db2). other rdbms brands return null.
*
* @param string $sequencename
* @return string
*/
public function nextsequenceid($sequencename)
{
return null;
}
/**
* helper method to change the case of the strings used
* when returning result sets in fetch_assoc and fetch_both
* modes.
*
* this is not intended to be used by application code,
* but the method must be public so the statement class
* can invoke it.
*
* @param string $key
* @return string
*/
public function foldcase($key)
{
switch ($this->_casefolding) {
case zend_db::case_lower:
$value = strtolower((string) $key);
break;
case zend_db::case_upper:
$value = strtoupper((string) $key);
break;
case zend_db::case_natural:
default:
$value = (string) $key;
}
return $value;
}
/**
* called when object is getting serialized
* this disconnects the db object that cant be serialized
*
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
* @return array
*/
public function __sleep()
{
if ($this->_allowserialization == false) {
/** @see zend_db_adapter_exception */
require_once 'zend/db/adapter/exception.php';
throw new zend_db_adapter_exception(get_class($this) ." is not allowed to be serialized");
}
$this->_connection = false;
return array_keys(array_diff_key(get_object_vars($this), array('_connection'=>false)));
}
/**
* called when object is getting unserialized
*
* @return void
*/
public function __wakeup()
{
if ($this->_autoreconnectonunserialize == true) {
$this->getconnection();
}
}
/**
* abstract methods
*/
/**
* returns a list of the tables in the database.
*
* @return array
*/
abstract public function listtables();
/**
* returns the column descriptions for a table.
*
* the return value is an associative array keyed by the column name,
* as returned by the rdbms.
*
* the value of each array element is an associative array
* with the following keys:
*
* schema_name => string; name of database or schema
* table_name => string;
* column_name => string; column name
* column_position => number; ordinal position of column in table
* data_type => string; sql datatype name of column
* default => string; default expression of column, null if none
* nullable => boolean; true if column can have nulls
* length => number; length of char/varchar
* scale => number; scale of numeric/decimal
* precision => number; precision of numeric/decimal
* unsigned => boolean; unsigned property of an integer type
* primary => boolean; true if column is part of the primary key
* primary_position => integer; position of column in primary key
*
* @param string $tablename
* @param string $schemaname optional
* @return array
*/
abstract public function describetable($tablename, $schemaname = null);
/**
* creates a connection to the database.
*
* @return void
*/
abstract protected function _connect();
/**
* test if a connection is active
*
* @return boolean
*/
abstract public function isconnected();
/**
* force the connection to close.
*
* @return void
*/
abstract public function closeconnection();
/**
* prepare a statement and return a pdostatement-like object.
*
* @param string|zend_db_select $sql sql query
* @return zend_db_statement|pdostatement
*/
abstract public function prepare($sql);
/**
* gets the last id generated automatically by an identity/autoincrement column.
*
* as a convention, on rdbms brands that support sequences
* (e.g. oracle, postgresql, db2), this method forms the name of a sequence
* from the arguments and returns the last id generated by that sequence.
* on rdbms brands that support identity/autoincrement columns, this method
* returns the last value generated for such a column, and the table name
* argument is disregarded.
*
* @param string $tablename optional name of table.
* @param string $primarykey optional name of primary key column.
* @return string
*/
abstract public function lastinsertid($tablename = null, $primarykey = null);
/**
* begin a transaction.
*/
abstract protected function _begintransaction();
/**
* commit a transaction.
*/
abstract protected function _commit();
/**
* roll-back a transaction.
*/
abstract protected function _rollback();
/**
* set the fetch mode.
*
* @param integer $mode
* @return void
* @throws zend_db_adapter_exception
*/
abstract public function setfetchmode($mode);
/**
* adds an adapter-specific limit clause to the select statement.
*
* @param mixed $sql
* @param integer $count
* @param integer $offset
* @return string
*/
abstract public function limit($sql, $count, $offset = 0);
/**
* check if the adapter supports real sql parameters.
*
* @param string $type 'positional' or 'named'
* @return bool
*/
abstract public function supportsparameters($type);
/**
* retrieve server version in php style
*
* @return string
*/
abstract public function getserverversion();
}
到此，我已经晕了。你呢？？？
哈哈哈。。。
下面看一些简单的案例
插入数据到数据库：
<?php
require_once 'zend/db.php';
$params = array('host'=>'127.0.0.1',
'username'=>'root',
'password'=>'',
'dbname'=>'test'
);
$db = zend_db::factory('pdo_mysql',$params);
$row = array(
'username'=>'jiqing',
'password'=>'jiqing90061234'
);
$table = 'user';
$res = $db->insert($table,$row);
if($res){
echo "成功插入新的记录！";
echo "<p>";
$last_insert_id = $db->lastinsertid($table);
echo "新记录的id值为：";
echo $last_insert_id;
echo "<p>";
echo "其内容为：";
$sql = "select * from $table where id=$last_insert_id";
$result = $db->fetchrow($sql);
echo "<p>";
foreach($result as $key=>$val){
echo $key;
echo "值为：";
echo $val;
echo "<p>";
}
}else{
echo "插入数据有误";
}
结果为：
成功插入新的记录！
新记录的id值为：13
其内容为：
id值为：13
username值为：jiqing
password值为：jiqing90061234
修改update方法
删除delete方法
都大同小异，首先连接数据库，然后填写相应参数，执行即可。
查询方法总结：
fetchall()匹配查询结果，返回一个连续的数组。
fetchassoc()匹配查询结果，返回一个联合的数组。
fetchcol()匹配结果的第一列，返回一个数组。
fetchone()陪陪查询结果的第一列与第一行的值，返回一个字符串。
fetchrow()匹配查询结果的第一行，返回一个数组。
常用的是第一个和最后一个方法，其他的方法用的不是很多。
希望本文所述对大家基于zend framework框架的php程序设计有所帮助。
更多zend framework入门教程之zend_db数据库操作详解。