环境 系统：ubuntu12.4 hadoop版本:2.3.0 一。下载hadoop-2.3.0-tar.gz解压 二修改配置文件，配置文件都在${hadoop-2.3.0}/etc/hadoop路径下 1、core-site.xml configuration property namehadoop.tmp.dir/name value/usr/local/hadoop-2.3.0/tmp/hadoop-${u
环境系统：ubuntu12.4
hadoop版本:2.3.0
一。下载hadoop-2.3.0-tar.gz解压
二修改配置文件，配置文件都在${hadoop-2.3.0}/etc/hadoop路径下
1、core-site.xml
hadoop.tmp.dir
/usr/local/hadoop-2.3.0/tmp/hadoop-${user.name}
fs.defaultfs
hdfs://localhost:8020
2、hdfs-site.xml
dfs.namenode.name.dir
 /usr/local/hadoop-2.3.0/tmp/dfs/name
dfs.datanode.data.dir
 /usr/local/hadoop-2.3.0/tmp/dfs/data
dfs.replication
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3、mapred-site.xml
mapreduce.framework.name
yarn
4、yarn-site.xml
yarn.resourcemanager.hostname  
  localhost
yarn.nodemanager.aux-services  
  mapreduce_shuffle
yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class  
  org.apache.hadoop.mapred.shufflehandler
三、命令启动
hadoop脚本命令在${hadoop-2.3.0}/bin和${hadoop-2.3.0}/sbin目录下，可以根据路径执行命令
也可以配置环境变量，简便命令书写
使用命令：sudo /etc/profile
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export hadoop_home=/usr/local/hadoop-2.3.0  
export path=$path:$hadoop_home/bin:$hadoop_home/sbin
export hadoop_mapred_home=$hadoop_home
export hadoop_common_home=$hadoop_home
export hadoop_hdfs_home=$hadoop_home
export yarn_home=$hadoop_home
export hadoop_conf_dir=$hadoop_home/etc/hadoop
export yarn_conf_dir=$hadoop_home/etc/hadoop
初始化hadoop文件系统
hdfs namenode -format
四、启动和关闭hadoop
1.  启动脚本一：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start secondarynamenode
starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
9310 secondarynamenode
9345 jps
9140 namenode
9221 datanode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager
starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
9310 secondarynamenode
9651 nodemanager
9413 resourcemanager
9140 namenode
9709 jps
9221 datanode
sujx@ubuntu:~$
2.  启动脚本二：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-dfs.sh 
starting namenodes on [hd2-single]
hd2-single: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-yarn.sh 
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
11414 secondarynamenode
10923 namenode
11141 datanode
12038 jps
11586 resourcemanager
11811 nodemanager
sujx@ubuntu:~$
3.  启动脚本三：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-all.sh 
this script is deprecated. instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh
starting namenodes on [hd2-single]
hd2-single: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
14156 nodemanager
14445 jps
13267 namenode
13759 secondarynamenode
13485 datanode
13927 resourcemanager
sujx@ubuntu:~$
其实这三种方式最终效果都是相同，他们内部也都是相互调用关系。对应的结束脚本也简单：
 1. 结束脚本一：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop nodemanager
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop resourcemanager
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop secondarynamenode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop datanode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop namenode
 2. 结束脚本二：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-yarn.sh 
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-dfs.sh 
  3. 结束脚本三：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-all.sh 
查看hadoop namenode或hdfs的状态：http://localhost:50070/
查看job运行情况：http://localhost:8088/
客户端访问的hdfs的地址端口：8020
客户端访问的yarn 的地址端口：8032
 至此，单机伪分布就已经部署完毕。