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理解MySQL运算符和常用内置函数_MySQL

一、mysql中的运算符
注意事项:
1.在除法运算和模数运算中,如果除数是0,将是非法除数,结果返回null
取模运算中,也可以用mod(a,b)函数或者a%b
mysql> select 1/0, 100%0;+------+-------+| 1/0 | 100%0 |+------+-------+| null | null |+------+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec)mysql> select 3%2,mod(3,2);+------+----------+| 3%2 | mod(3,2) |+------+----------+| 1 | 1 |+------+----------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.null只能用进行比较,其他的比较运算符时返回null
mysql> select 'a'<'b','a'<'a',1<2,nullnull;+---------+---------+-----+-------------+| 'a'<'b' | 'a'<'a' | 1 select 'a'<'b','a'<'a',1<2,null 4.regexp运算符格式str regexp str_pat”
当str字符串中含有str_pat相匹配的字符串时返回1,否则0
mysql> select 'abcdef' regexp 'ac','abcdef' regexp 'ab','abcdefg' regexp 'k';+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+| 'abcdef' regexp 'ac' | 'abcdef' regexp 'ab' | 'abcdefg' regexp 'k' |+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+| 0 | 1 | 0 |+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5. 逻辑与and和逻辑或or
and:当所有操作数都为非零,并且不为null时,返回1;当一个或多个为0时,返回0;操作数任何一个为null,则返回null
or : 当两个操作数均为非null值时,如有任意一个为非零值,则返回1,否则0;
当有一个操作数为null时,如另外一个为非0,则结果1,否则null;
如果两个操作数均为null,则所得结果为null
mysql> select (1 and 1),(0 and 1),(3 and 1),(1 and null);+-----------+-----------+-----------+--------------+| (1 and 1) | (0 and 1) | (3 and 1) | (1 and null) |+-----------+-----------+-----------+--------------+| 1 | 0 | 1 | null |+-----------+-----------+-----------+--------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select (1 or 0),(0 or 0),(1 or null),(1 or 1),(null or null);+----------+----------+-------------+----------+----------------+| (1 or 0) | (0 or 0) | (1 or null) | (1 or 1) | (null or null) |+----------+----------+-------------+----------+----------------+| 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | null |+----------+----------+-------------+----------+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6.位运算
位与对多个操作数的二进制位做逻辑与操作
mysql> select bin(2);+--------+| bin(2) |+--------+| 10 |+--------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select bin(3);+--------+| bin(3) |+--------+| 11 |+--------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select bin(100);+----------+| bin(100) |+----------+| 1100100 |+----------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select 2&3&100;+---------+| 2&3&100 |+---------+| 0 |+---------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
7.位取反
在mysql中,常量数字默认会以8个字节来表示,8字节就是64位,常量1的二进制表示为63个0加1个1,位取反后就是63个1加1个0,转换成十进制后就是18446744073709551614
8.位右移
二、运算符的优先级
三、常用内置函数
注意事项:
date_format(date,fmt)fmt格式:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_date-format
date_add(date,interval expr type) type类型:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_date-add
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/functions.html
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