本篇文章主要介绍php获取音频文件信息的方法，感兴趣的朋友参考下，希望对大家有所帮助。
项目需求：现在有一个音频文件上传的功能，在上传后php需要获取这个音频文件的相关信息，例如：时长等，由于这个文件是放在买的空间上的，没有像ffmpeg这样的扩展来处理，那么php能不能获取到这些信息？
下面是之前在项目中用到的一个用php进行音频文件头部信息的读取与写入操作的实现，主要针对 wma 和 mp3 两种格式，供参考。
<?php// audioexif.class.php// 用php进行音频文件头部信息的读取与写入// 目前只支持 wma 和 mp3 两种格式, 只支持常用的几个头部信息//// 写入信息支持: title(名称), artist(艺术家), copyright(版权), description (描述)// year(年代), genre (流派), albumtitle (专辑标题)// 其中 mp3 和 wma 略有不同, 具体返回的信息还可能更多, 但只有以上信息可以被写入// mp3 还支持 track (曲目编号写入)// 对于 mp3 文件支持 id3v1也支持id3v2, 读取时优先 v2, 写入时总是会写入v1, 必要时写入v2//// 用法说明: (由于 wma 使用 unicode 存取, 故还需要 mb_convert_encoding() 扩展// 返回数据及写入数据均为 ansi 编码, 即存什么就显示什么 (中文_gb2312)//// require ('audioexif.class.php');// $ae = new audioexif;// $file = '/path/to/test.mp3';//// 1. 检查文件是否完整 (only for wma, mp3始终返回 true)//// $ae->checksize($file);//// 2. 读取信息, 返回值由信息组成的数组, 键名解释参见上方//// print_r($ae->getinfo($file));//// 3. 写入信息, 第二参数是一个哈希数组, 键->值, 支持的参见上方的, mp3也支持 track// 要求第一参数的文件路径可由本程序写入// $pa = array('title' => '新标题', 'albumtitle' => '新的专辑名称');// $ae->setinfo($file, $pa);//// 其它: 该插件花了不少时间搜集查找 wma及mp3 的文件格式说明文档与网页, 希望对大家有用.// 其实网上已经有不少类似的程序, 但对 wma 实在太少了, 只能在 win 平台下通过 m$ 的// api 来操作, 而 mp3 也很少有可以在 unix/linux 命令行操作的, 所以特意写了这个模块//// 如果发现 bug 或提交 patch, 或加以改进使它更加健壮, 请告诉我.// (关于 id3和wma的文件格式及结构 在网上应该都可以找到参考资料)//if (!extension_loaded('mbstring')){trigger_error('php extension module `mbstring` is required for audioexif', e_user_warning);return true;}// the main classclass audioexif{// public varsvar $_wma = false;var $_mp3 = false;// constructfunction audioexif() {// nothing to do}// check the filesizefunction checksize($file) {$handler = &$this->_get_handler($file);if (!$handler) return false;return $handler->check_size($file);}// get the infomationsfunction getinfo($file) {$handler = &$this->_get_handler($file);if (!$handler) return false;return $handler->get_info($file);}// write the infomationsfunction setinfo($file, $pa) {if (!is_writable($file)) {trigger_error('audioexif: file `' . $file . '` can not been overwritten', e_user_warning);return false;}$handler = &$this->_get_handler($file);if (!$handler) return false;return $handler->set_info($file, $pa);}// private methodsfunction &_get_handler($file) {$ext = strtolower(strrchr($file, '.'));$ret = false;if ($ext == '.mp3') {// mp3$ret = &$this->_mp3;if (!$ret) $ret = new _mp3exif();}else if ($ext == '.wma'){ // wma$ret = &$this->_wma;if (!$ret) $ret = new _wmaexif();}else{ // unknowntrigger_error('audioexif not supported `' . $ext . '` file.', e_user_warning);}return $ret;}}// dbcs => gb2312function dbcs_gbk($str){// strip the last "\0\0"$str = substr($str, 0, -2);return mb_convert_encoding($str, 'gbk', 'ucs-2le');}// gb2312 => dbcsfunction gbk_dbcs($str){$str = mb_convert_encoding($str, 'ucs-2le', 'gbk');$str .= "\0\0";return $str;}// file exifclass _audioexif{var $fd;var $head;var $head_off;var $head_buf;// init the file handlerfunction _file_init($fpath, $write = false){$mode = ($write ? 'rb+' : 'rb');$this->fd = @fopen($fpath, $mode);if (!$this->fd){trigger_error('audioexif: `' . $fpath . '` can not be opened with mode `' . $mode . '`', e_user_warning);return false;}$this->head = false;$this->head_off = 0;$this->head_buf = '';return true;}// read buffer from the head_buf & move the off pointerfunction _read_head_buf($len){if ($len <= 0) return null;$buf = substr($this->head_buf, $this->head_off, $len);$this->head_off += strlen($buf);return $buf;}// read one short valuefunction _read_head_short(){$ord1 = ord(substr($this->head_buf, $this->head_off, 1));$ord2 = ord(substr($this->head_buf, $this->head_off+1, 1));$this->head_off += 2;return ($ord1 + ($ord2<<8));}// save the file headfunction _file_save($head, $olen, $nlen = 0){if ($nlen == 0) $nlen = strlen($head);if ($nlen == $olen){// shorterflock($this->fd, lock_ex);fseek($this->fd, 0, seek_set);fwrite($this->fd, $head, $nlen);flock($this->fd, lock_un);}else{// longer, buffer required$stat = fstat($this->fd);$fsize = $stat['size'];// buf required (4096?) 应该不会 nlen - olen > 4096 吧$woff = 0;$roff = $olen;// read first bufferflock($this->fd, lock_ex);fseek($this->fd, $roff, seek_set);$buf = fread($this->fd, 4096);// seek to startfseek($this->fd, $woff, seek_set);fwrite($this->fd, $head, $nlen);$woff += $nlen;// seek to woff & write the datado{$buf2 = $buf;$roff += 4096;if ($roff < $fsize){fseek($this->fd, $roff, seek_set);$buf = fread($this->fd, 4096);}// save last buffer$len2 = strlen($buf2);fseek($this->fd, $woff, seek_set);fwrite($this->fd, $buf2, $len2);$woff += $len2;}while ($roff < $fsize);ftruncate($this->fd, $woff);flock($this->fd, lock_un);}}// close the filefunction _file_deinit(){if ($this->fd){fclose($this->fd);$this->fd = false;}}}// wma classclass _wmaexif extends _audioexif{var $items1 = array('title', 'artist', 'copyright', 'description', 'reserved');var $items2 = array('year', 'genre', 'albumtitle');// check file size (length) maybe invalid filefunction check_size($file){$ret = false;if (!$this->_file_init($file)) return true;if ($this->_init_header()){$buf = fread($this->fd, 24);$tmp = unpack('h32id/vlen/h8unused', $buf);if ($tmp['id'] == '3626b2758e66cf11a6d900aa0062ce6c'){$stat = fstat($this->fd);$ret = ($stat['size'] == ($this->head['len'] + $tmp['len']));}}$this->_file_deinit();return $ret;}// set info (save the infos)function set_info($file, $pa){// check the pasettype($pa, 'array');if (!$this->_file_init($file, true)) return false;if (!$this->_init_header()){$this->_file_deinit();return false;}// parse the old header & generate the new header$head_body = '';$st_found = $ex_found = false;$head_num = $this->head['num'];while (($tmp = $this->_get_head_frame()) && ($head_num > 0)){$head_num--;if ($tmp['id'] == '3326b2758e66cf11a6d900aa0062ce6c'){ // standard info// 1-4$st_found = true;$st_body1 = $st_body2 = '';$lenx = unpack('v5', $this->_read_head_buf(10));$tmp['len'] -= 34; // 10 + 24for ($i = 0; $i < count($this->items1); $i++){$l = $lenx[$i+1];$k = $this->items1[$i];$tmp['len'] -= $l;$data = $this->_read_head_buf($l);if (isset($pa[$k])) $data = gbk_dbcs($pa[$k]);$st_body2 .= $data;$st_body1 .= pack('v', strlen($data));}// left lengthif ($tmp['len'] > 0) $st_body2 .= $this->_read_head_buf($tmp['len']);// save to head_body$head_body .= pack('h32vh8', $tmp['id'], strlen($st_body1 . $st_body2)+24, $tmp['unused']);$head_body .= $st_body1 . $st_body2;$st_body2 .= $data;}// save to head_body$head_body .= pack('h32va4', '3326b2758e66cf11a6d900aa0062ce6c', strlen($st_body1 . $st_body2)+24, '');$head_body .= $st_body1 . $st_body2;$this->head['num']++;}// ex not found?if (!$ex_found){$inum = 0;$et_body = '';foreach ($this->items2 as $k){$nbuf = gbk_dbcs('wm/' . $k);$vbuf = (isset($pa[$k]) ? gbk_dbcs($pa[$k]) : "");$et_body .= pack('v', strlen($nbuf)) . $nbuf . pack('vv', 0, strlen($vbuf)) . $vbuf;$inum++;}$head_body .= pack('h32va4v', '40a4d0d207e3d21197f000a0c95ea850', strlen($et_body)+26, '', $inum);$head_body .= $et_body;$this->head['num']++;}// after save$new_len = strlen($head_body) + 30;$old_len = $this->head['len'];if ($new_len < $old_len){$head_body .= str_repeat("\0", $old_len - $new_len);$new_len = $old_len;}$tmp = $this->head;$head_buf = pack('h32vvvh4', $tmp['id'], $new_len, $tmp['len2'], $tmp['num'], $tmp['unused']);$head_buf .= $head_body;$this->_file_save($head_buf, $old_len, $new_len);// close the file & return$this->_file_deinit();return true;}// get infofunction get_info($file){$ret = array();if (!$this->_file_init($file)) return false;if (!$this->_init_header()){$this->_file_deinit();return false;}// get the data from head_buf$head_num = $this->head['num']; // num of head_framewhile (($tmp = $this->_get_head_frame()) && $head_num > 0){$head_num--;if ($tmp['id'] == '3326b2758e66cf11a6d900aa0062ce6c'){ // standard info$lenx = unpack('v*', $this->_read_head_buf(10));for ($i = 1; $i <= count($this->items1); $i++){$k = $this->items1[$i-1];$ret[$k] = dbcs_gbk($this->_read_head_buf($lenx[$i]));}}else if ($tmp['id'] == '40a4d0d207e3d21197f000a0c95ea850'){ // extended info$inum = $this->_read_head_short();$tmp['len'] -= 26;while ($inum > 0 && $tmp['len'] > 0){// attribute name$nlen = $this->_read_head_short();$nbuf = $this->_read_head_buf($nlen);// the flag & value length$flag = $this->_read_head_short();$vlen = $this->_read_head_short();$vbuf = $this->_read_head_buf($vlen);// update the xx$tmp['len'] -= (6 + $nlen + $vlen);$inum--;$name = dbcs_gbk($nbuf);$k = substr($name, 3);if (in_array($k, $this->items2)){ // all is string value (refer to falg for other tags)$ret[$k] = dbcs_gbk($vbuf);}}}else{ // skip onlyif ($tmp['len'] > 24) $this->head_off += ($tmp['len'] - 24);}}$this->_file_deinit();return $ret;}// get the header?function _init_header(){fseek($this->fd, 0, seek_set);$buf = fread($this->fd, 30);if (strlen($buf) != 30) return false;$tmp = unpack('h32id/vlen/vlen2/vnum/h4unused', $buf);if ($tmp['id'] != '3026b2758e66cf11a6d900aa0062ce6c')return false;$this->head_buf = fread($this->fd, $tmp['len'] - 30);$this->head = $tmp;return true;}// _get_head_frame()function _get_head_frame(){$buf = $this->_read_head_buf(24);if (strlen($buf) != 24) return false;$tmp = unpack('h32id/vlen/h8unused', $buf);return $tmp;}}// mp3 class (if not idv2 then select idv1)class _mp3exif extends _audioexif{var $head1;var $genres = array('blues','classic rock','country','dance','disco','funk','grunge','hip-hop','jazz','metal','new age','oldies','other','pop','r&b','rap','reggae','rock','techno','industrial','alternative','ska','death metal','pranks','soundtrack','euro-techno','ambient','trip-hop','vocal','jazz+funk','fusion','trance','classical','instrumental','acid','house','game','sound clip','gospel','noise','alternrock','bass','soul','punk','space','meditative','instrumental pop','instrumental rock','ethnic','gothic','darkwave','techno-industrial','electronic','pop-folk','eurodance','dream','southern rock','comedy','cult','gangsta','top 40','christian rap','pop/funk','jungle','native american','cabaret','new wave','psychadelic','rave','showtunes','trailer','lo-fi','tribal','acid punk','acid jazz','polka','retro','musical','rock & roll','hard rock','unknown');// mp3 always return truefunction check_size($file){return true;}// get infofunction get_info($file){if (!$this->_file_init($file)) return false;$ret = false;if ($this->_init_header()){$ret = ($this->head ? $this->_get_v2_info() : $this->_get_v1_info());$ret['meta'] = $this->_get_meta_info();}$this->_file_deinit();return $ret;}// set infofunction set_info($file, $pa){if (!$this->_file_init($file, true)) return false;if ($this->_init_header()){// always save v1 info$this->_set_v1_info($pa);// set v2 first if need$this->_set_v2_info($pa);}$this->_file_deinit();return true;}// get the header information[v1+v2], call after file_initfunction _init_header(){$this->head1 = false;$this->head = false;// try to get id3v1 firstfseek($this->fd, -128, seek_end);$buf = fread($this->fd, 128);if (strlen($buf) == 128 && substr($buf, 0, 3) == 'tag'){$tmp = unpack('a3id/a30title/a30artist/a30albumtitle/a4year/a28description/creserved/ctrack/cgenre', $buf);$this->head1 = $tmp;}// try to get id3v2fseek($this->fd, 0, seek_set);$buf = fread($this->fd, 10);if (strlen($buf) == 10 && substr($buf, 0, 3) == 'id3'){$tmp = unpack('a3id/cver/crev/cflag/c4size', $buf);$tmp['size'] = ($tmp['size1']<<21)|($tmp['size2']<<14)|($tmp['size3']<<7)|$tmp['size4'];unset($tmp['size1'], $tmp['size2'], $tmp['size3'], $tmp['size4']);$this->head = $tmp;$this->head_buf = fread($this->fd, $tmp['size']);}return ($this->head1 || $this->head);}// get v1 infofunction _get_v1_info(){$ret = array();$tmpa = array('title', 'artist', 'copyright', 'description', 'year', 'albumtitle');foreach ($tmpa as $tmp){$ret[$tmp] = $this->head1[$tmp];if ($pos = strpos($ret[$tmp], "\0"))$ret[$tmp] = substr($ret[$tmp], 0, $pos);}// count the genre, [track]if ($this->head1['reserved'] == 0) $ret['track'] = $this->head1['track'];else $ret['description'] .= chr($ret['reserved']) . chr($ret['track']);// genre_idx$g = $this->head1['genre'];if (!isset($this->genres[$g])) $ret['genre'] = 'unknown';else $ret['genre'] = $this->genres[$g];// return the value$ret['id3v1'] = 'yes';return $ret;}// get v2 infofunction _get_v2_info(){$ret = array();$items = array( 'tcop'=>'copyright', 'tpe1'=>'artist', 'tit2'=>'title', 'trck'=> 'track','tcon'=>'genre', 'comm'=>'description', 'tyer'=>'year', 'talb'=>'albumtitle');while (true){$buf = $this->_read_head_buf(10);if (strlen($buf) != 10) break;$tmp = unpack('a4fid/nsize/nflag', $buf);if ($tmp['size'] == 0) break;$tmp['dat'] = $this->_read_head_buf($tmp['size']);// 0x6000 (11000000 00000000)if ($tmp['flag'] & 0x6000) continue;// mapping the dataif ($k = $items[$tmp['fid']]){ // if first char is "\0", just skipif (substr($tmp['dat'], 0, 1) == "\0") $tmp['dat'] = substr($tmp['dat'], 1);$ret[$k] = $tmp['dat'];}}// reset the genreif ($g = $ret['genre']){if (substr($g,0,1) == '(' && substr($g,-1,1) == ')') $g = substr($g, 1, -1);if (is_numeric($g)){$g = intval($g);$ret['genre'] = (isset($this->genres[$g]) ? $this->genres[$g] : 'unknown');}}$ret['id3v1'] = 'no';return $ret;}// get meta info of mp3function _get_meta_info(){// seek to the lead buf: 0xff$off = 0;if ($this->head) $off = $this->head['size'] + 10;fseek($this->fd, $off, seek_set);while (!feof($this->fd)){$skip = ord(fread($this->fd, 1));if ($skip == 0xff) break;}if ($skip != 0xff) return false;$buf = fread($this->fd, 3);if (strlen($buf) != 3) return false;$tmp = unpack('c3', $buf);if (($tmp[1] & 0xf0) != 0xf0) return false;// get the meta info$meta = array();// get mpeg version$meta['mpeg'] = ($tmp[1] & 0x08 ? 1 : 2);$meta['layer'] = ($tmp[1] & 0x04) ? (($tmp[1] & 0x02) ? 1 : 2) : (($tmp[1] & 0x02) ? 3 : 0);$meta['epro'] = ($tmp[1] & 0x01) ? 'no' : 'yes';// bit rates$bit_rates = array(1 => array(1 => array(0,32,64,96,128,160,192,224,256,288,320,352,384,416,448,0),2 => array(0,32,48,56,64,80,96,112,128,160,192,224,256,320,384,0),3 => array(0,32,40,48,56,64,80,96,112,128,160,192,224,256,320,0)),2 => array(1 => array(0,32,48,56,64,80,96,112,128,144,160,176,192,224,256,0),2 => array(0,8,16,24,32,40,48,56,64,80,96,112,128,144,160,0),3 => array(0,8,16,24,32,40,48,56,64,80,96,112,128,144,160,0)));$i = $meta['mpeg'];$j = $meta['layer'];$k = ($tmp[2]>>4);$meta['bitrate'] = $bit_rates[$i][$j][$k];// sample rates <采样率>$sam_rates = array(1=>array(44100,48000,32000,0), 2=>array(22050,24000,16000,0));$meta['samrate'] = $sam_rates[$i][$k];$meta["padding"] = ($tmp[2] & 0x02) ? 'on' : 'off';$meta["private"] = ($tmp[2] & 0x01) ? 'on' : 'off';// mode & mode_ext$k = ($tmp[3]>>6);$channel_modes = array('stereo', 'joint stereo', 'dual channel', 'single channel');$meta['mode'] = $channel_modes[$k];$k = (($tmp[3]>>4) & 0x03);$extend_modes = array('mpg_md_lr_lr', 'mpg_md_lr_i', 'mpg_md_ms_lr', 'mpg_md_ms_i');$meta['ext_mode'] = $extend_modes[$k];$meta['copyright'] = ($tmp[3] & 0x08) ? 'yes' : 'no';$meta['original'] = ($tmp[3] & 0x04) ? 'yes' : 'no';$emphasis = array('none', '50/15 microsecs', 'rreserved', 'ccitt j 17');$k = ($tmp[3] & 0x03);$meta['emphasis'] = $emphasis[$k];return $meta;}// set v1 infofunction _set_v1_info($pa){// id3v1 (simpled)$off = -128;if (!($tmp = $this->head1)){$off = 0;$tmp['id'] = 'tag';$tmp['title'] = $tmp['artist'] = $tmp['albumtitle'] = $tmp['year'] = $tmp['description'] = '';$tmp['reserved'] = $tmp['track'] = $tmp['genre'] = 0;}// basic items$items = array('title', 'artist', 'copyright', 'description', 'year', 'albumtitle');foreach ($items as $k){if (isset($pa[$k])) $tmp[$k] = $pa[$k];}// genre indexif (isset($pa['genre'])){$g = 0;foreach ($this->genres as $gtmp){if (!strcasecmp($gtmp, $pa['genre']))break;$g++;}$tmp['genre'] = $g;}if (isset($pa['track'])) $tmp['track'] = intval($pa['track']);// pack the data$buf = pack('a3a30a30a30a4a28ccc', $tmp['id'], $tmp['title'], $tmp['artist'], $tmp['albumtitle'],$tmp['year'], $tmp['description'], 0, $tmp['track'], $tmp['genre']);flock($this->fd, lock_ex);fseek($this->fd, $off, seek_end);fwrite($this->fd, $buf, 128);flock($this->fd, lock_un);}// set v2 infofunction _set_v2_info($pa){if (!$this->head){ // insert id3return; // 没有就算了/**$tmp = array('id'=>'id3','ver'=>3,'rev'=>0,'flag'=>0);$tmp['size'] = -10; // +10 => 0$this->head = $tmp;$this->head_buf = '';$this->head_off = 0;**/}$items = array( 'tcop'=>'copyright', 'tpe1'=>'artist', 'tit2'=>'title', 'trac'=>'track','tcon'=>'genre', 'comm'=>'description', 'tyer'=>'year', 'talb'=>'albumtitle');$head_body = '';while (true){$buf = $this->_read_head_buf(10);if (strlen($buf) != 10) break;$tmp = unpack('a4fid/nsize/nflag', $buf);if ($tmp['size'] == 0) break;$data = $this->_read_head_buf($tmp['size']);if (($k = $items[$tmp['fid']]) && isset($pa[$k])){// the data should prefix by "\0" [replace]$data = "\0" . $pa[$k];unset($pa[$k]);}$head_body .= pack('a4nn', $tmp['fid'], strlen($data), $tmp['flag']) . $data;}// reverse the items & set the new tags$items = array_flip($items);foreach ($pa as $k => $v){if ($fid = $items[$k]){$head_body .= pack('a4nn', $fid, strlen($v) + 1, 0) . "\0" . $v;}}// new length$new_len = strlen($head_body) + 10;$old_len = $this->head['size'] + 10;if ($new_len < $old_len){$head_body .= str_repeat("\0", $old_len - $new_len);$new_len = $old_len;}// count the size1,2,3,4, no include the header// 较为变态的算法... :p (28bytes integer)$size = array();$nlen = $new_len - 10;for ($i = 4; $i > 0; $i--){$size[$i] = ($nlen & 0x7f);$nlen >>= 7;}$tmp = $this->head;//echo "old_len : $old_len new_len: $new_len\n";$head_buf = pack('a3ccccccc', $tmp['id'], $tmp['ver'], $tmp['rev'], $tmp['flag'],$size[1], $size[2], $size[3], $size[4]);$head_buf .= $head_body;$this->_file_save($head_buf, $old_len, $new_len);}
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以上就是php获取音频文件信息的方法的详细内容。