安装oracle客户端软件：root账户执行：#groupaddoinstall#groupadddba#useradd-goinstall-gdbaoracle#passwdoracle创建oracle基本目录：#mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle
root账户执行：
#groupadd oinstall
#groupadd dba
#useradd  -g oinstall -g dba oracle
#passwd oracle
#mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
#chown -r oracle:oinstall /u01
#chmod -r 775 /u01
/u01 由根目录拥有。
/u01/app 由根目录拥有。
配置内核参数
#vi /etc/sysctl
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmall = 268435456
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default=1048576
net.core.rmem_max=1048576
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144
启动生效
#sysctl -p
最大打开文件描述符数 nofile 65536
可用于单个用户的最大进程数 nproc 16384
#cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
eof
#cat >> /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
eof
#cat >> /etc/profile
if [ \$user = oracle ]; then
 if [ \$shell = /bin/ksh ]; then
   ulimit -p 16384
   ulimit -n 65536
 else
   ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
 fi
 umask 022
fi
eof
#su - oracle
安装客户端：
$vi    ~/.bash_profile
export oralce_base=/u01/app/oracle
export oralce_home=$oracle_base/product/10.2.0/db_1
export oralce_sid=orcl
export path=$oracle_home/bin:$path
生效环境变量：
$source   ~/.bash_profile
手动创建库：
vi     initorcl.ora
orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl.__shared_pool_size=226492416
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(protocol=tcp) (service=orclxdb)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch'
*.log_archive_dest_2='location=usr_db_recovery_file_dest'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=299892736
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sga_target=901775360
*.undo_management='auto'
*.undo_tablespace='undotbs1'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
创建数据库脚本文件：
dbca.sql
create database orcl
   user sys identified by tiger
   user system identified by tiger
   logfile group 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.log') size 100m,
           group 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.log') size 100m,
           group 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.log') size 100m
   maxlogfiles 5
   maxlogmembers 5
   maxloghistory 1
   maxdatafiles 100
   maxinstances 1
   character set us7ascii
   national character set al16utf16
   datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' size 325m reuse
   extent management local
   sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf' size 325m reuse
   default temporary tablespace tempts1
      tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf'
      size 20m reuse
   undo tablespace undotbs1
      datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf'
      size 200m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited;
创建密码文件：
$orapwd file=$oracle_home/dbs/orapwdorcl password=tiger entries=10
创建数据库基本目录：
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/arch
$mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
#sqlplus / as sysdba
#startup nomount pfile=/soft/initorcl.ora
创建表空间：
connect sys/password as sysdba
-- create a user tablespace to be assigned as the default tablespace for users
create tablespace users logging
     datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'
     size 25m reuse autoextend on next  1280k maxsize unlimited
     extent management local;
-- create a tablespace for indexes, separate from user tablespace
create tablespace indx logging
     datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/indx01.dbf'
     size 25m reuse autoextend on next  1280k maxsize unlimited
     extent management local;
alter database default tablespace users;
运行脚本：
connect sys/password as sysdba
@/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
exit
脚本描述：