long-term agronomical performance and iron chlorosis susceptibility of
several prunus rootstocks grown under loamy and calcareous soil conditions
壤土和碱性土壤条件下几种李砧木的长期农艺性状和铁黄化敏感性
gemma reiga,*, xavier garantoa, neus masa, ignasi iglesiasb
a irta fruitcentre, pcital, park of gardeny, fruitcentre building, 25003, lleida, spain
b agromillora group, pl. manuel raventós, 3-5, 08770, st. sadurni d’anoia, spain
a b s t r a c t
the objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance (vigor, yield, yield efficiency, number of root suckers), fruit quality (fruit weight, fruit size, flesh firmness, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity), leaf and fruit mineral nutrition (macro and micro elements), leaf chlorophyll concentration and iron chlorosis susceptibility of ‘big top’ nectarine c*r grafted on 20 prunus rootstocks and grown in loamy and calcareous soil under the hot climate conditions of the ebro river basin (spain). after the 10 years of the study (at 11th leaf), statistical analysis showed significant differences among rootstocks for most of the traits evaluated. based on vigor and cumulative yield, ‘big top’ trees from padac 04-03 rootstock were found to be the most vigorous and productive, followed by castore, gf-677, ishtara®, ps and rootpac® 70. however, the most efficient rootstocks were controller 5, adesoto® 101, rootpac® 40, krymsk® 1, ishtara®, penta, irta-1, polluce, and padac-150. ‘big top’ fruits from rootpac® 40 had the highest fruit weight and fruit size (> 70 mm), with good soluble solids content and titratable acidity, but less firmness than the other ‘big top’ fruits. after 3 months with no application of chelate, chlorosis symptoms were visible in most of the trees, with those from krymsk® 1 and ps showing the highest susceptibility. in contrast, ad-105, adesoto® 101, cadaman®, gf-677, padac-150, rootpac® 40 and tetra were the least susceptible rootstocks. controller 5, irta-1, padac-04.03 and penta had moderate susceptibility. in conclusion, rootpac® 40, ishtara®, irta-1 and padac-150 may represent a good compromise between canopy size control, yield, yield efficiency, fruit size, and susceptibility to iron chlorosis.
本研究的目的是评估农艺性状（活力、产量、产量效率、根吸盘数）、果实品质（果实重量、果实大小、果肉硬度、可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸度）、叶片和果实矿质营养（宏观和微观元素），在西班牙埃布罗河流域炎热气候条件下，20个李砧嫁接的“大顶”油桃品种在壤土和石灰性土壤中的叶片叶绿素浓度和铁黄化敏感性。经过10年的研究（在第11叶），统计分析表明，大多数性状在砧木间有显著差异。从活力和累积产量来看，padac 04-03砧木的“大顶”树活力和产量，其次是蓖麻、gf-677、ishtara®和rootpac®70。然而，的砧木是controller 5、adesoto®101、rootpac®40、krymsk®1、ishtara®、penta、irta-1、polluce和padac-150。rootpac®40的“大顶”果实重量和果实大小（>70mm），可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸度良好，但硬度低于其他“大顶”果实。在未施用螯合剂的3个月后，大多数树木都出现了黄化症状，krymsk®1和ps的树木表现出的敏感性。相比之下，ad-105、adesoto®101、cadaman®、gf-677、padac-150、rootpac®40和tetra是最不敏感的砧木。控制器5、irta-1、padac-04.03和penta的敏感性中等。总之，rootpac®40、ishtara®irta-1和padac-150可能是冠层大小控制、产量、产量效率、果实大小和铁黄化易感性之间的良好折衷。
keywords:yield production，fruit quality，chlorophyll concentration，mineral elements，iron chlorosis
关键词：产量、果实品质、叶绿素浓度、矿质元素、铁黄化