sys.argv[]是用来获取命令行参数的,sys.argv[0]表示代码本身文件路径;比如在cmd命令行输入 “python test.py -help”,那么sys.argv[0]就代表“test.py”。
sys.startswith() 是用来判断一个对象是以什么开头的,比如在python命令行输入“'abc'.startswith('ab')”就会返回true
以下实例参考:
#!/usr/local/bin/env python
import sys
def readfile(filename):
'''print a file to the standard output.'''
f = file(filename)
while true:
line = f.readline()
if len(line) == 0:
break
print line,
f.close()
print sys.argv[0]---------,sys.argv[0]
print sys.argv[1]---------,sys.argv[1]
print sys.argv[2]---------,sys.argv[2]
# script starts from here
if len(sys.argv) print 'no action specified.'
sys.exit()
if sys.argv[1].startswith('--'):
option = sys.argv[1][2:]
# fetch sys.argv[1] but without the first two characters
if option == 'version':
print 'version 1.2'
elif option == 'help':
print '''
this program prints files to the standard output.
any number of files can be specified.
options include:
--version : prints the version number
--help : display this help'''
else:
print 'unknown option.'
sys.exit()
else:
for filename in sys.argv[1:]:
readfile(filename)
执行结果:# python test.py --version help
sys.argv[0]--------- test.py
sys.argv[1]--------- --version
sys.argv[2]--------- help
version 1.2
注意:sys.argv[1][2:]表示从第二个参数,从第三个字符开始截取到最后结尾,本例结果为:version